Effort and Comparison Income Survey and Experimental Evidence
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper combines ISSP survey data and experimental evidence from a giftexchange game to determine the effect of status or relative income on work effort. We find a strong effect of others’ incomes on individual effort decisions in both datasets. The individual’s rank in the income distribution has a more powerful effect on effort than does others’ average income, suggesting that comparisons are more ordinal than cardinal. We further show that, controlling for own income and income rank, the width of the relevant income distribution matters, with effort increasing in the distance from the bottom of the income distribution. Last, effort is also affected by comparisons over time: those who received higher income offers or had higher income rank in the past exert lower levels of effort for a given current income. Résumé Cet article compare les données de l’enquête ISSP et celles issues d’un test expérimental d’un jeu d’échange de dons, afin d’identifier l’effet du statut et du revenu relatif sur l’effort au travail. Nous observons un effet important du revenu d’autrui sur les décisions d’effort individuelles dans les deux bases de données. Le rang de l’individu dans la distribution des revenus a un impact plus important sur l’effort que le revenu moyen des autres, ce qui suggère que les comparaisons sont davantage ordinales que cardinales. Nous montrons en outre que, contrôlant pour le revenu et le rang personnel, l’étendue de la distribution des revenus au sein du groupe de référence compte, l’effort individuel étant d’autant plus élevé que le revenu est éloigné du bas de la distribution. Enfin, l’effort est aussi affecté par les comparaisons inter-temporelles : ceux qui ont perçu des revenus plus importants ou ont bénéficié d’un rang plus élevé dans le passé exercent un effort plus faible à revenu courant donné. ha ls hs -0 01 42 88 0, v er si on 1 23 A pr 2 00 7
منابع مشابه
Effort and Comparison Income: Experimental and Survey Evidence
This paper considers the effect of status or relative income on work effort, combining experimental evidence from a gift-exchange game with the analysis of multi-country ISSP survey data. We find a consistent negative effect of others’ incomes on individual effort in both datasets. The individual’s rank in the income distribution is a stronger determinant of effort than is others’ average incom...
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This paper considers the effect of status or relative income on work effort, combining experimental evidence from a gift-exchange game with the analysis of multi-country ISSP survey data. We find a consistent negative effect of others’ incomes on individual effort in both datasets. The individual’s rank in the income distribution is a stronger determinant of effort than is others’ average incom...
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